Green Cars, Hybrid Cars, Electric Cars and Clean Diesel News

$135,000USD Detroit Electric SP:01 Electric Sports Car Unveiled

Thu, 04 Apr 2013 00:58:00 -0500

Detroit Electric unveiled its first model: an all-electric SP:01 sports car that is to go into limited production in August.

Just 999 SP:01 electric sports car will be built at Detroit Electric’s new production facility in Wayne County, Michigan, with cars sold worldwide through a network of specialist retail partners.

The $135,000 Detroit Electric SP:01 has a top speed of 155mph (249km/h) and can go from zero to 60 mph (0-100km/h) in 3.7 seconds.

The SP:01‟s exceptional performance is owed in large part to its excellent power-to- weight ratio. The rear-wheel-drive SP:01 features a compact, mid-mounted 201 bhp electric motor (delivering 166 lb ft of torque), a lightweight, purpose-designed battery pack and all-new carbon-fibre bodywork. Total weight is just 2,354 lb, contributing to the SP:01‟s superior driving dynamics and class-leading handling.

The vehicle is based on a strong yet lightweight aluminum platform, and is being launched following a five-year development and road-test program. As well as the all-new carbon-fibre bodywork, similar to that used in Formula 1 vehicle chassis, the SP:01 also features specialized performance-tuned suspension, steering and brake systems to provide class-leading ride and handling characteristics.

The 37kWh battery gives the SP:01 a range of almost 190 miles, when tested to the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) standard. Detroit Electric's home charging unit will enable drivers to fully recharge their SP:01 in 4.3 hours.

Design
The SP:01‟s bespoke bodywork is constructed entirely of carbon fibre. Styled by Detroit Electric‟s Head of Design, Jerry Chung, the SP:01‟s angular lines and muscular stance give the car a bold, imposing design while also optimizing aerodynamic efficiency.

The one-piece front panel features a sharply contoured bonnet and angular front fenders with imposing air-intakes to emphasize the car‟s power and prowess. The compact rear light cluster is reminiscent of high-performance American sports cars of the past, while the integrated side cooling ducts enhance the car‟s distinctive profile.

The interior of the vehicle hints at the essence of the Detroit Electric brand by combining luxurious refinement with advanced technology – highlighted through the use of carbon- fibre and specially selected leather finishes.

Unique SAMI infotainment system
The cabin of the SP:01 is packed with innovation, being the first to use smartphone applications to manage the complete in-car infotainment system. Named „SAMI‟ (Smartphone Application Managed Infotainment system), SAMI provides access to a wide range of functions, including music player, satellite navigation, interior lighting adjust and vehicle systems status – such as the level of battery charge, range to recharge and other vehicle telemetry. It can, of course, also be used to make mobile phone calls.

SAMI can also act as a remote control unit (via GSM), enabling the user to locate the vehicle, turn on the climate control system and check the charge status.

The SP:01‟s bi-directional charge and discharge feature is made possible through the patented Detroit Electric home charging and power back-up unit, named „360 Powerback‟. It is a smart home-charging and power back-up unit that enables the SP:01‟s battery to be charged at the rate of 8 kWh (240V@32A).

This smart unit can also detect any power failure of the grid and provide the option to the user – via SAMI and the GSM network – to instruct the vehicle to restore power to the home using its stored energy. "360 Powerback is the next level of innovation and shows our determination to provide additional value proposition through our EVs, uniquely elevating us from others in the segment," added Mr Lam.

Power preserved
An all-disc braking system, coupled with ABS (anti-lock braking) and ESP (Electronic Stability Control) is fitted as standard, ensuring excellent stopping power. But it is the SP:01‟s Regenerative Braking technology that sets the car apart, underpinning superb stopping performance while ensuring greater energy efficiency. The car‟s energy recovery mechanism uses the motor as a generator, recovering kinetic energy when acceleration is interrupted and using it to recharge the vehicle‟s battery packs, while imitating the retardation characteristics of a gasoline engine.

Production and pedigree
Detroit Electric was founded in 1906 and built 13,000 electric cars. Among its customers were Thomas Edison, John D. Rockefeller and Henry Ford's wife, Clara. But the company halted production in 1939, overcome by the Great Depression and drivers' growing preference for gasoline-fueled engines.

Detroit Electric was revived five years ago by Albert Lam, a former Lotus Cars and Apple Inc. executive. The company has set up offices in Detroit's historic Fisher Building and plans to build its cars in Michigan.

The price of Detroit Electric SP:01 starts at $135,000 USD, and will vary according to specification and local taxes.

Each SP:01 will come with a three-year, 30,000-mile warranty with an optional extension for the battery to five years and 50,000 miles.

The SP:01 will be produced at the new Detroit Electric production site in Wayne Country, Michigan. The dedicated facility will have an annual capacity of 2,500 vehicles and create over 180 manufacturing and sales-related jobs over the next year.

All-New Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive Unveiled

Wed, 27 Mar 2013 12:32:00 -0500

The all-new Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive is making its world debut at the 2013 New York Auto Show.

The driver and passengers in this new electric Mercedes B-Class Electric Drive will enjoy the familiar comfort of a well designed, high-quality interior offering a generous amount of space.

The B-Class Electric Drive thus combines dynamism and driving pleasure with zero local emissions – in short, electric driving at the premium level.

According to Dr. Joachim Schmidt, member of the Mercedes-Benz Cars Board of Management responsible for Sales and Marketing: "The B-Class Electric Drive meets the wishes of many customers for emission-free driving without foregoing the hallmark attributes of a Mercedes-Benz, namely safety, comfort and, of course, not to forget exhilarating driving pleasure."

The new Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive is based on the conventionally powered B-Class, which has become a bestseller in many countries since its market debut in 2011.

As a particularly versatile vehicle concept, the B-Class also allows environmentally friendly motoring at the Mercedes level thanks to its innovative electric drive. In the USA, the vehicle is being introduced onto the market exclusively as the electric variant.

Quiet and local emission-free drive power is provided by an electric motor generating more than 100 kW. Typically for an electric drive, the maximum torque of 310 Nm is available right from the first tap on the accelerator pedal – this roughly corresponds to the torque delivery of a modern petrol engine with a displacement of 3.0 liters. This results in decidedly powerful acceleration from a standing start. For the standard sprint from 0 to 60 mph (100 km/h), the B-Class Electric Drive considerably less than ten seconds.

This guarantees superior driving performance and highly dynamic, exhilarating driving pleasure in any situation.

A powerful lithium-ion battery feeds energy to the electric drive and is accommodated in the so-called "Energy Space" in the vehicle's underfloor – a solution which is both space-saving and safe. Thanks to this intelligent packaging, the five-seater retains the familiar, generous interior space and luggage space of the B-Class.

The maximum speed of the B-Class Electric Drive is electronically limited to 100 mph (160 km/h) in the interests of operating range. Depending on the respective driving cycle, the range is around 115 miles (200 km). This means that in addition to emission-free driving in urban traffic and on short-range trips, longer journeys can also be undertaken without any problems – such as the distances covered on a daily basis by commuters going to work, for example.

The B-Class Electric Drive can be recharged at any standard household power socket. In the USA, the charging time for a range of about 60 miles (100 km) is less than 2 hours at 240 V/40 A.
While the car is on the move, the electric drive itself contributes to a favourable energy balance through recuperation, by converting kinetic energy into electric current in deceleration mode and during braking and feeding this energy into the battery.

Dynamic Mercedes-Benz design
Refined sportiness together with aesthetic visual appeal – the B-Class Electric Drive is another example of the self-assured and dynamic Mercedes design, with powerful, tense lines and finely styled details. Both the front and rear set the tone for the vehicle's width, which comes courtesy of the wide, prominent grille and headlamps extending into the vehicle sides, as well as the wide rear window, two-piece rear lamp cluster and the large tailgate with low boot sill. The side sill panels and striking bumpers with bar-shaped LED daytime driving lights exude dynamism. The charging socket is inconspicuously installed behind the charging flap.

Sporty interior with premium details
The interior underscores the high comfort standards of Mercedes-Benz. High-quality materials and finely structured surfaces, premium details, and precise finishing all highlight the fact that electric driving is defined at a very high level according to the philosophy of Mercedes-Benz.

The three large, round air vents in the centre with their distinctively designed cross-form nozzles are sporty features that contribute to the emotional design idiom of the interior. Above the air vents is the display screen for the telematics system which appears to be free-floating – a modern, eye-catching feature of the cockpit.

When it comes to information and communication systems, the electric B-Class offers levels of convenience and functionality that were previously reserved for higher classes of vehicles. Standard onboard features include the Audio 20 with a 14.7 cm colour screen, a twin tuner, an MP3-capable CD player and a USB connection. Navigation is provided for by the Becker® MAP PILOT. The multimedia system COMAND Online with internet access, navigation and LINGUATRONIC voice control is also available as an optional extra.

Functions specific to electric vehicles have been added to the instrumentation of the B-Class Electric Drive. The power display in the dial instrument on the right is immediately obvious. When power is being consumed, its pointer rises in a clockwise direction from the green to the red area, and drops back below the zero line when the vehicle is feeding recuperative energy back into the battery.

Fully networked: connected services
Its cutting-edge technology ensures that the B-Class Electric Drive is not only sustainable (because it offers local emission-free driving) and agile (because of its high torque and acceleration), but also fully networked. Remote checking and remote configuration of the vehicle are conveniently possible via the Vehicle Homepage, for example. The driver can easily access his vehicle via the internet, using a PC or smartphone. In this way, it is possible to check the current charge status of the lithium-ion battery or to verify the vehicle's current range on a map. The planned route can also be displayed, immediately showing where the vehicle can be recharged along the way, if necessary. The range of connected services is rounded off with a pre-entry climate control option offering individually timed pre-heating or cooling. This pre-entry climate control system makes the B-Class Electric Drive unique in its segment.

Safety
Mercedes-Benz applies its familiar, high safety standards to the B-Class Electric Drive. Thanks to the innovative "Energy Space", the battery is safely accommodated in the underfloor of the vehicle for crash protection. In addition, Mercedes-Benz has already equipped this innovative electric car with the radar-based collision warning system COLLISION PREVENTION ASSIST with adaptive Brake Assist as standard. This assistance system gives the driver a visual and acoustic warning of recognized obstacles, prepares him for braking action and assists him with the braking process as the situation requires. In this way it significantly reduces the danger of a rear-end collision. Additional, more up-to-date driver assistance systems are also available – among them Blind Spot Assist, Lane Keeping Assist and Active Parking Assist.

Electric motoring made by Mercedes-Benz
Local emission-free electric vehicles such as the new B-Class Electric Drive are a major part of the Mercedes-Benz strategy for sustainable mobility. The Stuttgart-based premium manufacturer is reasserting its claim to leadership in this sector with electric vehicles which are fully suitable for everyday use. These include the A-Class E-CELL, the B-Class F-CELL, the Vito E-CELL van, and the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive. The smart fortwo electric drive - of which well over 1000 units have been produced and delivered since the middle of last year - has enjoyed an extremely positive response from our customers, too. The new B-Class Electric Drive will be available initially in the USA from the beginning of 2014, and will be launched in European markets subsequently.

Technical data (preliminary figures)

Output - More than 100 kW
Torque - More than 310 Nm
Range - 115 miles [US City], 200 km [NEDC]
Charging time for a range of 60 miles [US City] (100 km [NEDC]) - USA: 2 h at 240 V/40 A (ECE: 1.5 h at 400 V)
Acceleration 0-60 mph (0-100 km/h) - Under 10 s
Top speed - 100 mph (160 km/h), electronically limited

Mahindra e2o EV Launched in India

Mon, 18 Mar 2013 13:17:00 -0500

Mahindra Reva Electric Vehicles, part of the Indian business giant Mahindra Group, has launched a new electric vehicle, the Mahindra e2o.

The Mahindra e2o, which replaces the REVAi electric vehicle model, is priced at 596,000 rupees (about $11,000) after the government subsidy.

Mahindra e2o will be produced at Mahindra Reva’s recently inaugurated plant in Bangalore, which has a production capacity of 30,000 cars per year.

The Mahindra e2o is an electric vehicle designed as an urban mobility solution for a sustainable zero-emission society and gains relevance in the face of issues like environmental degradation, pollution related health concerns, climate change, energy security and rising oil prices, all of which plague communities globally.

Powered by next generation lithium–ion batteries and a 3 phase induction electric motor; the Mahindra e2o is fully automatic and designed for city driving. This means no changing of gears in bumper-to-bumper traffic. With a small turning radius, it makes every sharp turn a delight. Its unique hill-hold feature frees you of any anxiety when driving up inclines. Special ABS body panels, make it dent and scratch resistant.

All of this is coupled with enough interior space to accommodate four adults and a driving range of 100 km (62 miles) per charge which is enough to satisfy the needs of the most discerning customer. The car's top speed is in the 81 km/h (50 mph).

The Connected car technology of Mahindra e2o is a unique synthesis of energy, mobility and connectivity and it has multiple industry leading firsts to its credit. The entire genesis of this is the control interface for the vehicle, which can be made available on any smartphone device by merely downloading an application. The application then gives the customer the power to remotely manage several functions of the Mahindra e2o.

For example the smartphone application can help lock the car by simply sending it a lock command and activate the car’s air-conditioning remotely. The trip planner in the application integrates the distance to empty information from the Mahindra e2o into the maps and help plan each journey with the current charge.

With 10 on board computers, the Mahindra e2o provides real time feedback of all the vehicle’s functions does a daily heart beat check of the vital systems and sends alerts if anything has to be fixed.

Apart from telling you that your Mahindra e2o is locked or that the cabin is at a pre-set temperature with the air conditioning turned on, the Mahindra e2o is also capable of telling you that you have forgotten to switch on the mains to charge the car, in spite of plugging it in. Furthermore, this intelligent EV is capable of monitoring how efficiently you drive and can even provide details of your drive efficiency over the past six days in graphical form. The Mahindra e2o congratulates you when you achieve 100% driving efficiency and also give tips on improving the efficiency.

The Mahindra e2o can charge from any 15A power socket available in any home. With just 5 hours required for fully charging your Mahindra e2o – your trusted car will be ready to be driven over 100 km (62), more than enough for the average daily commute.

With the patented REVive technology there are no more range anxieties. In the rare event of running low on charge, you can use the app on the smart phone to remotely activate the reserve energy that can get you going again.

The Mahindra e2o comes with a 15.5 cm (6.2 in.) touch screen, with factory fitted GPS navigation system, radio, DVD, Blue tooth and I-pod connectivity. Locating a place or directions to the nearest charging point is now at your finger tips.

The full digital cluster, electrically operated wing mirrors, keyless entry & start/stop button, projector head lamps, LED tail lamps, reverse camera, 4 JBL speakers & 2 tweeters makes the features of the Mahindra e2o comparable to most high end cars.

The regenerative braking feature in the Mahindra e2o also pumps energy back into the car’s batteries and charges them every time you slow down or apply the brakes.

The stylish Mahindra e2o will be available in six attractive colors - Arctic Silver, Coral Blue, Eco Green, Oceanic White, Spanish Red and Sunfire Yellow.

Mahindra Reva has also worked hard to create a sustainable technology ecosystem for EV’s, proof of which is the host of technologies created by the company, inspired directly by its vision of the future of mobility. The ‘Sun2Car’ technology, which has been developed through the creation of personal solar charging units, provides the user with sufficient energy to power an EV for life, making it a very cost-effective mobility solution.

To support the electric vehicles, Mahindra has set up over 250 charging stations in different cities, 95 in Delhi alone.

Over the next five to six years, India plans to spend up to 138.50 billion rupees to boost the market for electric cars and plans to have about 5.0 million to 6.0 million of such vehicles--which includes two-wheelers, three-wheelers and small trucks apart from passenger cars--on the road.

Nissan Launches New LEAF EV in Europe

Wed, 27 Feb 2013 07:48:00 -0600

Nissan has launched the new LEAF EV for European market with a new powertrain, three trim levels, more paint colors, a 15-mile boost in claimed range.

Since its launch in 2011, more than 50,000 Nissan LEAF EVs have found homes and the world's best-selling pure electric vehicle has been built solely in Japan.

But production of the new Nissan LEAF will soon commence at Nissan’s Sunderland production facility with more than 100 changes made to the multi-award winning car.

Improvements include an extended driving range, greater recyclability, more interior space, better charging performance, more equipment and, with three versions now available, greater choice. Subtle styling changes to the nose of the car have improved its already impressive aerodynamic efficiency.

Many of the changes have come as a direct result of feedback from pioneering LEAF owners. With some of the most active Internet forums of any car-owning group, LEAF drivers have become enthusiastic advocates of zero-emission mobility and of the car itself - LEAF enjoys the highest customer satisfaction rating of any Nissan model with a score of 93 percent.

As well as discussions about various aspects of life with a LEAF, the forums are used by owners to offer tips and hints to fellow users, as well as to suggest a number of improvements that could be made to the game-changing car. By monitoring this feedback and by holding regular owner events to gain further input, Nissan has incorporated many of the suggestions into New LEAF.

In addition to this human feedback, Nissan has been able to get feedback from aggregated data from the unique Carwings telematics system, which is at the heart of LEAF. This powerful feature gives customers the ability to control the heating and charging of their car remotely and also logs information on charging, usage patterns and distance driven. With LEAF having been on sale for more than two years, engineers at Nissan have been able to use some of the data collected to optimise the car in line with actual customer usage.

Changes range from a new powertrain assembly that greatly enhances the car's practicality to simple modifications, such as the addition of an LED inspection light within the charging port making overnight charging that much easier.

Other aspects of LEAF ownership have also changed dramatically since the car first appeared on Europe's roads, with a greatly expanded charging infrastructure and a significant rise in the number of Nissan dealers selling and servicing the car in the last 12 months alone.

At the time of the 2012 Geneva Motor Show, for example, there were 150 Nissan LEAF dealers across Europe and 195 Quick Chargers, capable of charging a battery to 80 per cent capacity in less than 30 minutes. Today, just 12 months later, there are 1,400 dealers and more than 600 Quick Chargers, while the number of conventional public chargers has increased from 12,000 to more than 20,000.

The dramatic expansion in Quick Chargers has been facilitated in part by Nissan, which has provided a number of the units to local authorities to accelerate the development of Quick Charging ‘Highways' between cities across Europe. To date, Nissan is behind the installations of 200 Quick Chargers, both at dealers and strategic locations, and plans to triple this figure over the next 12 months.

Customer peace of mind has also been increased with a new comprehensive warranty plan for the batteries. As well as covering the batteries against defects in materials and workmanship for five years/100,000 kms, they will be covered by a ‘State Of Health' clause which covers gradual capacity loss.

Over time, lithium-ion batteries lose a percentage of their capacity, a natural phenomenon. But should battery life reduce quicker than anticipated over the same warranty period it will either be repaired or replaced.

One significant change to the new Nissan LEAF is the move to producing the car in three different locations: North America, Europe and Japan.

In Europe, production will start shortly in Sunderland in the UK, where LEAF will be sharing the line with Qashqai and joining Note and Juke.

At the same time, the high-tech lithium-ion batteries are already being produced at a new facility nearby on the Sunderland site.

New LEAF, which goes on sale in Europe in the middle of 2013, marks an important milestone in Nissan's global zero-emission leadership. It will soon be joined by pure electric versions of the award-winning NV200, to be called e-NV200, in both light commercial van and seven-seat combi versions. Development is also underway on a dedicated EV taxi based on the e-NV200. An Infiniti EV is expected in 2015.

THE NEW LEAF IN DETAIL

Technical:
• New fully integrated powertrain
• Enhanced ride and handling with chassis tuned for Europe
• Extended real-world driving range
• Faster charging option
• Enhanced technology and more driving modes

Exterior:
• Revised grille for improved aerodynamics
• New range of wheels
• Extended colour palette

Interior:
• New more supportive seats
• New environmentally friendly seat fabrics
• Leather trim now available
• More luggage space
• More equipment, including Around View Monitor
• Three trim levels

At first glance, the new LEAF appears to have changed very little from the multi-award winning original. But the breadth and depth of the changes mean, to all intents and purposes, it is a new car. It is more comfortable and roomier than before and even better to drive. It will go further on a charge than before and, depending on the market, it can be charged in half the time, too.

Now assembled together as a single stack, the new powertrain is again based around a high-response 80kW AC synchronous motor powered by Nissan-designed 48-module compact lithium-ion batteries, mounted underneath the cabin area to lower the centre of gravity for optimum handling.

By moving the charger from the rear of the LEAF to under the bonnet, it has been possible to increase the luggage area by as much as 40 litres... or to put that another way, about the size of a typical airplane ‘carry-on' suitcase. Overall boot capacity has increased to a massive 370 litres.

More significantly, the removal of the charger from behind the rear seats turns the LEAF into an even more practical proposition. There is now no obstacle in the middle of the boot floor when the seats are folded, while rear legroom has been increased thanks to reshaped seat cushions, which allow passengers in the rear to put their feet under the seat in front.

Improvements to the heating and ventilation system centre on a new heat pump system which replaces the original ceramic heater. This significantly reduces electrical consumption and delivers an improvement in real-world driving range. This is particularly relevant to markets where drivers rely heavily on the heating and ventilation systems.

New LEAF's real-world driving range has also been improved by the only visual change to the car: a subtly revised front grille helps reduce the aerodynamic drag coefficient Cd figure from an already impressive 0.29 to 0.28. The new LEAF's driving range is certified at 124miles (200km) under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), which is an increase from 109 miles (175 km) in the prior model.

The new LEAF is more fun to drive, too, thanks to changes to the chassis, steering and brakes engineered at Nissan Technical Centre Europe (NTCE). Principal changes have been to damper settings to reduce float and deliver a more agile and dynamic drive without adversely affecting ride comfort. The steering system has been given more weight to provide steering feel more in tune with European tastes while the performance of the brakes has been improved to make them more progressive in use, while also increasing the amount of energy recovered.

Changes have also been made to the Eco driving mode. A new ‘B' setting on the transmission increases regenerative braking during deceleration while a separate ‘Eco' button on the steering wheel extends driving range by altering the throttle mapping to discourage rapid acceleration. The two systems can be operated independently of one another, unlike in the original LEAF.

Other key improvements to the LEAF's e-Powertrain include reduced internal friction and a more efficient battery and energy management system.

Reduced charging time is also promised by a new option that will cut the conventional charging length in half, from eight to four hours. A new 6.6kW on board charger will permit the use of 32 amp charging using the latest generation of chargers installed in domestic and commercial properties. A typical domestic socket delivers 10 amps.

A more affordable option than a full Quick Charger, some authorities are installing public charging posts already capable of delivering 32 amps output. The adoption of a 6.6kW charger will allow drivers to give their battery a meaningful boost even during a short stopover.

Other technical innovation enhancements include a new Bose® audio system specifically developed for the LEAF.

The Bose Energy Efficient Series sound system delivers a powerful, high quality audio experience but from a unit that's both more compact than similar premium systems and which uses about half the electric energy.

New LEAF also introduces a revised and updated version of Nissan's acclaimed Carwings Navigation system. This innovative feature allows owners to manage and remotely control features from a computer or smartphone and is unique to the LEAF. The updated version of Carwings adds a number of new features, including enhancements to the remote heating and air-conditioning functions, greater smartphone integration, improved voice recognition facility, eco-routing and real-time information on the nearest charge points.

As well as a large colour touchscreen, satellite navigation and Bluetooth connectivity for mobile phones and music players, the new system incorporates Google Send-To-Car technology which allows an owner to plan a journey on a PC or tablet at home or in the office and then send the instructions to the car. It incorporates other advanced features including access to Google's POI search, and allows drivers to access up to date weather forecasts and flight information.

Just about the only thing that hasn't changed between the original and New LEAF is the model's comprehensive level of standard safety equipment. As well as front, side and curtain airbags, New LEAF has ABS and EBD with brake assistance as standard along with the Electronic Stability Program (ESP).

2013 Nissan LEAF

Wed, 09 Jan 2013 11:05:00 -0600

Now in its third year on the market, the 2013 Nissan LEAF pure electric vehicle features an extensive list of important enhancements.

2013 Nissan LEAF is now assembled in the United States at company's Smyrna, Tenn. assembly plant, with battery production taking place right next door in the country's largest lithium-ion automotive battery plant.

Changes to the 2013 Nissan LEAF start with improved energy efficiency due to refined aerodynamics, a wider range of regenerative braking, improved energy management and a newly available 6.6 kW onboard charger that reduces 220V charging time nearly in half to approximately four hours for full charge.

In addition, a new lower priced entry-level LEAF S grade joins the previous SV and SL grades, while an array of feature enhancements are added to the LEAF SL grade, including leather-appointed seating and 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels. Also, three new option packages are available – offering advanced systems such as Around View® Monitor and 7-speaker Bose® energy efficient audio.

Due to efficiency improvements, the 2013 Nissan LEAF is expected to offer improved range, with testing on the EPA test cycle to be announced closer the vehicle's on-sale date.

Other 2013 model year additions include an available hybrid heater system that provides superior cold weather performance while consuming less energy; a new available "B" drive mode that increases regenerative braking during deceleration; and a new charge port light and lock, with a charge port door release button added to the intelligent key fob.

Enhanced interior features range from a standard leather-wrapped steering wheel to a new black interior color and sun visor extensions. Rear cargo space has been increased to 24 cubic feet with the 2nd row seat upright by relocating the onboard charger to the front of the vehicle. There is 30 cubic feet of cargo space with the standard 60/40-split rear seat folded down.

EV-IT improvements for 2013 include a new "Eco route" feature added to the available navigation system that includes suggested power-saving alternative routes – plus Google® local search, Pandora® link for iPhone® and iPod® cover art. The new Google Places search function allows LEAF owners to look for area restaurants, shops and other points of interest and browse user reviews using Google's POI database to get the most up-to-date information at all times.

Three Well-Equipped Models, Three Option Packages
The 2013 Nissan LEAF is offered in three well-equipped models, the LEAF S, LEAF SV and LEAF SL. Standard features include a 6-way manual driver's seat, 4-way manual front passenger's seat, trip computer (instant and average energy consumption, driving time, outside temperature and autonomy range), Automatic Temperature Control (ATC), center console storage and 3.6 kW onboard charger.

Other standard equipment includes Nissan Intelligent Key® with Push Button Start, power windows with driver's window one-touch auto up/down, power door locks with auto locking feature, remote charge door release, two cupholders, four bottle holders, variable intermittent windshield wipers, a 12-volt power outlet and 16-inch steel wheels with full wheel covers.

The Nissan LEAF SV model adds Nissan Navigation system, 7.0-inch color LCD screen, CARWINGS telematics, 6-speaker audio system, Pandora® link for iPhone®, 16-inch aluminum-alloy wheels, 6.6 kW onboard charger, hybrid heater system, cruise control, auto-dimming inside mirror, partially recycled cloth seat fabric, passenger side map pocket and "B-mode" regenerative braking.

The 2013 LEAF SL model adds a photovoltaic solar panel spoiler, fog lights, auto on/off headlights, cargo cover, HomeLink® Universal Transceiver, Quick Charge Port, leather-appointed seats, LED headlights and 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels.

Three new option packages are added for 2013, allowing buyers to further select the exact equipment and features for their needs. The Quick Charge Package (S grade only) includes the 6.6 kW onboard charger, Quick Charge Port and RearView Monitor. The LED Headlights + Quick Charge Port Package (SV grade only) includes LED headlights, auto on/off headlights, fog lights and Quick Charge Port. Finally, the Premium Package (SV and SL grades) offers the advanced Around View® Monitor and Bose® 7-speaker audio.

A Roadside Assistance program is offered for 36 months at no charge, as is service for the CARWINGS telematics system.

The advanced lithium-ion battery pack carries an industry-competitive warranty of 8 years or 100,000 miles. Under an expanded New Electric Vehicle Limited Warranty, Nissan will protect against capacity loss in LEAF batteries that fall below nine bars, of the available 12 bars displayed on the vehicle's battery capacity gauge, for the first five years or 60,000 miles in the United States, whichever comes first.

A Dedicated EV Platform, Innovative Battery Design
The front-wheel drive LEAF again uses a dedicated EV platform with batteries housed in the floor for optimum vehicle packaging and weight distribution. The body design includes a rigid-mounted battery frame, which helps provide greater body rigidity compared to a conventional compact car.

LEAF rides on a 106.3-inch wheelbase, with a 175.0-inch overall length, 69.7-inch width and 61.0-inch height. Dimensionally, the Nissan LEAF falls in between the Nissan Altima and Nissan Versa, and like those vehicles provides room for five adults and a good-sized cargo area. Placing the batteries in the floor of the vehicle provides optimum weight distribution to help enhance handling and allows for five-passenger seating by not intruding into the cabin space. LEAF's 24 kWh lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is comprised of 48 compact modules of four cells each (192 cells total), which allows a high degree of packaging flexibility. The batteries are designed to maximize drive time and minimize charging time.

The battery was developed by the Automotive Energy Supply Corporation (AESC), a joint venture of Nissan and NEC. Unlike conventional cylindrical batteries, the thin, compact laminated cells offer more flexibility in design applications. The battery powers a high-response 80kW AC synchronous motor, rated at 107 horsepower and 187 lb-ft of torque, which drives the front wheels through a single speed reducer. Unlike a conventional internal combustion engine, LEAF has 100 percent of its torque available from start, delivering smooth, consistent acceleration and the driving feel similar to a conventional V6 engine.

The Nissan LEAF offers a number of charging options. A charge port is located in the front body for the 220V charger and portable trickle charge cable (110V). A charge port light and lock has been added for 2013. The available Quick Charge Port (standard on SL, optional on S, SV) allows charging to 80 percent capacity in 30 minutes at public charging stations using a DC fast charger. There is also a standard photovoltaic solar panel spoiler on SL models, which supports charging of the 12-volt battery for vehicle accessories.

For 2013, LEAF SV and SL grades feature a new 6.6 kW onboard charger that reduces 220V charging time nearly in half to approximately 4 hours for a full charge. The system is optionally available on the LEAF S, which in standard form will utilize a 3.6 kW onboard charger. All LEAF models come with a standard portable trickle charge cable.

The 2013 Nissan LEAF again uses an independent strut suspension with stabilizer bar in front and a torsion beam rear suspension with integrated stabilizer bar. Responsive steering is provided by a vehicle-speed-sensitive electric power steering system.

Braking is provided by power-assisted front vented disc/solid rear disc brakes with Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake force Distribution (EBD) and Brake Assist. LEAF's standard regenerative braking system helps increase range. By applying the brakes or reducing speed by letting off the accelerator, the electric motor acts as an electric generator, converting energy that would otherwise be wasted into battery energy. The new "B-mode" (SV and SL grades) allows the driver to engage an even more aggressive level of regenerative braking while decelerating, such as when going down hills. The "B-mode" is in addition to the normal and Eco drive modes. The Eco mode increases regenerative braking, assists in limiting motor output and reduces HVAC power output.

Because Nissan LEAF does not have an internal combustion engine, Nissan has incorporated an "Approaching Vehicle Sound for Pedestrians" system, which is designed to alert pedestrians that a vehicle is approaching. When driving at low speeds, the system emits a sound from a speaker at the front of the vehicle. When the vehicle's speed reaches 19 mph, pedestrians are able to hear the car moving and the "approaching sound" automatically turns off. If the vehicle speed drops below 16 mph, the sound comes on again.

Exterior Designed for "Smart Fluidity"
Nissan LEAF's dedicated EV body is designed to offer "smart fluidity" – a fusion of sophisticated aerodynamic management and aerodynamic acoustics with the freedom provided by the new EV layout.

The smooth, elegant movement of the body starts from the low, compact hood, moves through the iconic shoulder character line and on toward the large rear spoiler.

The distinctive exterior styling is characterized by sharp, upright V-shaped design featuring long, up-slanting headlights with a blue internal reflective appearance. The headlights split and redirect airflow away from the door mirrors, reducing wind noise and drag. LED headlights, which consume about 50 percent of the electricity of halogen headlights, are standard on LEAF SL (and optional on SV). Heated outside mirrors are standard on all grades.

In the rear, the slim-type aerodynamic LED taillight design and crisp corners combine with the aerodynamic rear bumper with rear diffuser to manage the aerodynamics of the rear end without compromising rear interior roominess. The coefficient of drag for 2013 has been improved to 0.28 (versus the previous 0.29).

The exterior also utilizes a flat underbody (including a large front flat floor cover, electric motor area undercover, front undercover and rear diffuser with fins) to help manage airflow under the vehicle. An innovative vortex-shedding roof-mounted antenna is one of many design elements utilized to help reduce wind noise. Other noise reduction features include a quiet-operation windshield wiper motor, a sound insulation windshield design and a dual-isolated motor-mounting system. The 5-door hatchback design also features chrome door handles, aerodynamic outside mirrors and a large greenhouse to provide a bright interior environment.

Three different wheel designs are offered for 2013: 16-inch steel wheels with full-wheel covers for LEAF S, 5-spoke 16-inch aluminum-alloy for LEAF SV and new split 5-spoke 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels for LEAF SL. Bridgestone Ecopia 205/55R16 all-season tires are used with the S and SV grades, while 215/50R17 Michelin Energy Saver all-season tires are standard on SL.

Seven exterior colors are available: new for the 2013 model year Metallic Slate and Glacier White, along with the previously offered Brilliant Silver, Super Black, Cayenne Red, Pearl White and Blue Ocean.

Distinctive "EV Touch" Interior
The roomy Nissan LEAF interior offers a pleasingly modern design created to provide a unique "EV touch" with "simple and human flow." The bright, welcoming atmosphere starts with the wide, high tech instrument panel design – which is dominated by a twin combination meter display in front of the driver and a center "floating" C-stack with a 4.3-inch color LCD display (S grade). A 7.0-inch display is standard on SV and SL grades. The digital "eyebrow" display at the top of the instrument panel provides high visibility for the Eco indicator and speedometer, while the lower liquid crystal meter display houses the new percentage style state-of-charge meter, power meter, battery temperature gauge, multi-function display, remaining energy gauge, capacity level gauge and distance to empty display.

The flat panel center C-stack cluster continues the "EV touch" feel with the color monitor for the available navigation system, available RearView Monitor or Around View® Monitor and control of the audio and climate systems.

The display also provides access to the CARWINGS telematics system (standard on SV and SL), which is connected to a Nissan data center, (subscription required, no charge for 36 months). Through CARWINGS, Nissan LEAF drivers are able to use mobile smart phones to turn on air conditioning and set charging functions remotely, even when the vehicle is powered down. The system also displays "reachable area," as well as showing a selection of nearby charging stations. An on-board charging timer can also be programmed to start the charging event whenever desired. Also standard on SV and SL grades is the Nissan Navigation System with NavTraffic (SiriusXM subscription required, sold separately).

The Nissan LEAF interior also includes comfortable heated front bucket seats and a 60/40 split folding heated rear seat and rear HVAC duct. LEAF SV seat fabric is made with partially recycled materials.

Recycled materials are also used for the back door trim, roof trim and headliner, carpeting and a number of other interior pieces such as the door panels and center console storage cover. LEAF SL includes new standard leather-appointed seats for 2013.

The center console area includes the palm shifter (inspired by a PC mouse) for the "by wire" drive selector. The standard 3-spoke heated leather-wrapped steering wheel houses controls for the cruise control (except S), audio system and standard Bluetooth® Hands-free Phone System. SiriusXM Satellite Radio (SiriusXM subscription required, sold separately) is also standard, with HomeLink® Universal Transceiver standard on SL models.

Three audio systems are offered, starting with an AM/FM/CD with MP3/WMA CD playback capability, 4 speakers and 4.3-inch color LCD display for LEAF S. LEAF SV and SL add two additional speakers, the 7.0-inch display and Pandora® link for iPhone®. The Bose® 7-speaker premium audio system is optionally available with SV and SL grades. Two interior colors are offered: new Black (S, SV, SL) or Light Gray (SV only).

Standard 2013 LEAF safety systems include Nissan Advanced Air Bag System (AABS) with dual-stage supplemental front air bags with seat belt sensors and occupant classification sensor, front seat-mounted side impact supplemental air bags, roof-mounted curtain side impact supplemental air bags for front and rear-seat outboard occupant head protection, 3-point ALR/ELR seat belts (driver's seat ELR only) with pretensioners and load limiters, child seat upper tether anchor, LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) system and child safety rear door locks. Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) and Traction Control System (TCS) are also standard on all LEAF models.

GM Introduces Sail SPRINGO EV in China

Fri, 23 Nov 2012 01:40:00 -0600

General Motors Co announced the launch of its first China-developed electric car at the Guangzhou Auto Show, which will be sold for RMB 258,000 ($41,400).

The Sail SPRINGO EV was developed by Shanghai GM and the Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC), making it the first production electric vehicle created by a Chinese joint venture.

The SPRINGO EV pure electric vehicle meets the highest global electric vehicle standards, using the latest industry battery and electric drive technology.

The Sail SPRINGO EV is well suited for urban environments. Its pure electric propulsion system delivers an exceptional driving experience that rivals traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. The vehicle’s electric motor produces minimal sound, for a distinctly peaceful commute.

Based off a new electric vehicle architecture developed by Shanghai GM in conjunction with PATAC, the Sail SPRINGO EV has an emissions-free propulsion system. Its permanent magnet electric motor is capable of producing 85 kW of power and up to 510 Nm of torque, allowing acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h (0-62 mph) from a standing start in just over 10 seconds. Pushing the Sport button provides a 20 percent boost in acceleration at the beginning and middle of the torque curve compared to pressing the accelerator in a gasoline-powered vehicle. The top speed is 130 km/h (80 mph). Its stability during high-speed cruising and cornering is optimized by a new tailored full-frame chassis with an enhanced stabilizer bar and a finely tuned suspension.

The Sail SPRINGO EV’s battery and electric drive technology were developed based on the most advanced global electric vehicle standards for maximum energy efficiency. The result is an exceptionally long electric range of 130 km (80 miles) under a variety of road conditions and 200 (127 miles) km at a constant speed of 60 km/h (37 mph), which is sufficient to meet the daily needs of most people living in urban areas.

The Sail SPRINGO EV consumes less than 15 kWh for every 100 km, which is less than most electric vehicles currently on the market. The Sail SPRINGO EV costs just RMB 4.6 per 100 km to drive when charged during lower-cost off-peak hours (between 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m.).

The Sail SPRINGO EV is environmental and user friendly, with a host of advanced vehicle telematics. It can be charged using a 3.3-kW charging station or a standard household outlet. It takes approximately seven hours for the battery to be fully charged using a dedicated 220V connection. There are three charging modes available: immediate charging, time delay charging, and time delay and rate charging. This enables customers to choose the charging option that fits their needs.

Vehicle charging can also be managed and monitored remotely using a smart phone mobile app provided by Shanghai OnStar. Owners can use the app to perform a range of functions remotely, such as starting the vehicle’s heater or air conditioner. OnStar’s service system also carries out remote vehicle monitoring and analysis of other vehicle systems, and provides drivers with additional vehicle information such as tire pressure. If abnormal data is detected, the OnStar system will immediately contact the owner to provide safety information and instructions.

Yet another feature allows owners to check energy usage and remaining charge level with a touch of the Energy Leaf button. A color display, multimedia entertainment system and information display center with a 7-inch high-definition dual touchscreen offer drivers and passengers an easy-to-use interactive experience.

A world-class safety design protects Sail SPRINGO EV occupants in the event of a collision. The vehicle passed an extensive array of more than 20 collision tests during its development to verify its safety.

Developed to meet the strictest global electric vehicle safety standards, the Sail SPRINGO EV fully complies with safety requirements for pure electric vehicles in China. Its newly designed front and rear anti-collision beams made from ultra-high strength steel and its strong and comprehensive body structure protect the battery pack in the event of a collision. The battery pack and powertrain have performed normally after rigorous testing in various conditions.

All of Shanghai GM's new energy vehicles, including the Sail SPRINGO EV, will be sold through an exclusive “Drive to Green” sales network. The first showroom is expected to open in the first half of 2013 in Shanghai. The exclusive sales and aftersales service network will be expanded to key new energy vehicle demo cities based on local market conditions and the development of the new energy vehicle industry and charging infrastructure.

The Sail SPRINGO EV will come with a vehicle warranty of three years or 80,000 km (50,000 miles), as well as a battery warranty of five years or 100,000 km (62,000 miles). Until the “Drive to Green” sales network is established, Shanghai GM's Buick and Chevrolet service centers will provide Sail SPRINGO EV owners door-to-door service and exclusive steward service for a worry-free driving and maintenance experience.

The 740HP Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive

Thu, 27 Sep 2012 10:27:00 -0500

With the new SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive unveiled at the 2012 Paris Motor Show, Mercedes-AMG is entering a new era: the locally emission-free super sports car featuring advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 is the most exclusive and dynamic way in which to drive an electric car.

The SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive is aimed at technology-minded super sports car fans who are open to new ideas and enthusiastic about ambitious high-tech solutions for the future of motoring.

The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive will be celebrating its market launch in June 2013. The price in Germany (incl. 19% VAT) will be 416,500 euros.

The pioneering drive package in the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive is impressive and guarantees a completely innovative and electrifying driving experience: enormous thrust comes courtesy of four synchronous electric motors providing a combined maximum output of 740 hp (552 kW) and maximum torque of 1000 Nm.

The very special gullwing model accelerates from zero to 62 mph in 3.9 seconds, and can reach a top speed of 155 mph (electronically limited). The agile response to accelerator pedal input and the linear power output provide pure excitement: unlike with a combustion engine, the build-up of torque is instantaneous with electric motors – maximum torque is effectively available from a standstill. The spontaneous build-up of torque and the forceful power delivery without any interruption of tractive power are combined with completely vibration-free engine running characteristics.

The four compact permanent-magnet synchronous electric motors, each weighing 45 kg, achieve a maximum individual speed of 13,000 rpm and in each case drive the 4 wheels selectively via an axially-arranged transmission design. This enables the unique distribution of torque to individual wheels, which would normally only be possible with wheel hub motors which have the disadvantage of generating considerable unsprung masses.

Powerful, voluminous, dynamic, emotional and authentic: the characteristic sound of the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive embodies the sound of the 21st century. After an elaborate series of tests as well as numerous test drives, the AMG experts have created a sound which captures the exceptional dynamism of this unique super sports car with electric drive. Starting with a characteristic start-up sound, which rings out on pressing the "Power" button on the AMG DRIVE UNIT, the occupants can experience a tailor-made driving sound for each driving situation: incredibly dynamic when accelerating, subdued when cruising and as equally characteristic during recuperation. The sound is not only dependent on road speed, engine speed and load conditions, but also reflects the driving situation and the vehicle's operating state with a suitable driving noise. Perfect feedback for the driver is guaranteed thanks to a combination of the composed sound, the use of the vehicle's existing inherent noises and the elimination of background noise – this is referred to by the experts as "sound cleaning." The impressive sound comes courtesy of the standard sound system with eleven loudspeakers.

Battery efficiency, performance and weight: in all three areas Mercedes-AMG is setting new standards. The high-voltage battery in the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive boasts an energy content of 60 kWh, an electric load potential of 600 kW and weighs 548 kg – all of which are absolute best values in the automotive sector. The liquid-cooled lithium-ion high-voltage battery features a modular design and a maximum voltage of 400 V.

The high-voltage battery consists of 12 modules each comprising 72 lithium-ion cells. This optimized arrangement of a total of 864 cells has benefits not only in terms of best use of the installation space, but also in terms of performance. One technical feature is the intelligent parallel circuit of the individual battery modules – this helps to maximize the safety, reliability and service life of the battery. As in Formula 1, the battery is charged by means of targeted recuperation during deceleration whilst the car is being driven.

Total driving range on a full charge comes in at a little more than 150 miles.

Ideally the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive is charged with the aid of a so-called wall box. Installed in a home garage, this technology provides a 22 kW quick-charge function, which is the same as the charging performance available at a public charging station. A high-voltage power cable is used to connect the vehicle to the wall box, and enables charging to take place in around three hours. Without the wall box, charging takes around 20 hours. The wall box is provided as an optional extra from Mercedes-AMG in cooperation with SPX and KEBA, two suppliers of innovative electric charging infrastructures for the automotive industry.

Eight-stage design for maximum safety
To ensure maximum safety, the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive makes use of an eight-stage safety design. This comprises the following features:

1. all high-voltage cables are color-coded in orange to prevent confusion
2. comprehensive contact protection for the entire high-voltage system
3. the lithium-ion battery is liquid-cooled and accommodated in a high-strength aluminum housing within the carbon-fiber zero-intrusion cell
4. conductive separation of the high-voltage and low-voltage networks within the vehicle and integration of an interlock switch
5. active and passive discharging of the high-voltage system when the ignition is switched to "off"
6. in the event of an accident, the high-voltage system is switched off within fractions of a second
7. continuous monitoring of the high-voltage system for short circuits with potential compensation and insulation monitors
8. redundant monitoring function for the all-wheel drive system with torque control for individual wheels, via several control units using a variety of software

By using this design, Mercedes-AMG ensures maximum safety during production of the vehicle and also during maintenance and repair work. Of course the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive also meets all of the statutory and internal Mercedes crash test requirements.

All-wheel drive with AMG Torque Dynamics enables new levels of freedom
Four motors, four wheels - the intelligent and permanent all-wheel drive of the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive guarantees driving dynamics at the highest level, while at the same time providing the best possible active safety. Optimum traction of the four driven wheels is therefore ensured, whatever the weather conditions. According to the developers, the term "Torque Dynamics" refers to individual control of the electric motors, something which enables completely new levels of freedom to be achieved. The AMG Torque Dynamics feature is permanently active and allows for selective distribution of forces for each individual wheel. The intelligent distribution of drive torque greatly benefits driving dynamics, handling, driving safety and ride comfort. Each individual wheel can be both electrically driven and electrically braked, depending on the driving conditions.

The AMG Torque Dynamics feature boasts a great deal of variability and individuality by offering three different transmission modes: Comfort (C), Sport (S) and Sport plus (S+): sporty.

AMG Torque Dynamics enables optimum use of the adhesion potential between the tires and the road surface in all driving conditions. The technology allows maximum levels of freedom and as such optimum use of the critical limits of the vehicle's driving dynamics. Outstanding handling safety is always assured thanks to the two-stage Electronic Stability Program ESP®.

Exclusive, high-quality design and appointments
Visually, the multi-award-winning design of the SLS AMG is combined with a number of specific features which are exclusive to the Electric Drive variant. The front apron has a striking carbon-look CFRP front splitter which generates downforce on the front axle. The radiator grille and adjacent air intakes adorn special areas painted in the vehicle colour and with bionic honeycomb-shaped openings. They are not only a visual highlight but, thanks to their aerodynamically optimized design, also improve air flow over the cooling modules mounted behind them. Darkened headlamps also impart a sense of independence to the front section. Viewed from the side, the "Electric Drive" lettering stands out on the vehicle side, as do the AMG 5-twin-spoke light-alloy wheels with their specific paint design. The SLS AMG Electric Drive comes as standard with 265/35 R 19 tyres on the front and 295/30 R 20 tyres on the rear. The overall look is rounded off to dynamic effect by the new diffuser-look rear apron, and the darkened rear lamps. One feature reserved exclusively for the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive is the "AMG electricbeam magno" matt paint finish. A choice of five other colors is available at no extra cost.

When the exterior color AMG electricbeam magno is chosen, the high-quality, sporty interior makes use of this body color for the contrasting stitching – the stitching co-ordinates perfectly with designo black Exclusive leather appointments. AMG sports seats and numerous carbon-fiber trim elements in the interior underscore the exclusive and dynamic character of what is currently the fastest electric car. Behind the new AMG Performance steering wheel there is a newly designed AMG instrument cluster: instead of a rev counter, there is a power display providing information on the power requirements, recuperation status, transmission modes and battery charge.

AMG Performance Media as standard
The AMG DRIVE UNIT comprises the electronic rotary switch for selecting the three transmission modes of "C" (Controlled Efficiency), "S" (Sport) and "S+" (Sport plus), which the driver can use to specify different performance levels from the electric motors, which in turn also changes the top speed and accelerator pedal response. Behind the buttons for "power" and "ESP On/Off", there are also buttons for AMG Torque Dynamics and AMG Setup.

In addition to carbon-fiber exterior mirrors, AMG carbon-fiber engine compartment cover, COMAND APS, Media Interface, Blind Spot Assist and reversing camera, the standard equipment also includes the AMG Performance Media system. Besides full high-speed mobile internet access, the system provides information on engine performance, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, tire pressure, vehicle setup and lap times, as well displaying a variety of additional information such as:

• vehicle energy flow
• battery charge status
• current range
• AMG Torque Dynamics
• temperatures of the battery and motors
• energy consumption kWh/100 km

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Production-Ready Toyota iQ EV Unveiled

Mon, 24 Sep 2012 01:51:00 -0500

The Toyota iQ EV has been specifically designed as an electric city commuting vehicle for use in an urban environment - the engineering programme is complete and iQ EV is ready for production.

Toyota’s engineers have been involved in electric vehicle research and development for over 40 years, since 1971.

To date, Toyota has developed several types of EV, including a two-passenger concept- the e-com, an SUV- the RAV4 EV, and several FT-EV concept cars.

First unveiled at the 1997 Tokyo Motor Show, the e-com shared much of its EV technology and powertrain components with the larger RAV4 EV. Producing zero emissions, it could run at speeds of up to 100 km/h for approximately 100 km on a single charge. By 2000, Toyota had a fleet of around 30 e-coms in use in Japan.

The RAV4 EV had one of the best cruising ranges of any electric vehicle in the world –more than 120 miles (200 km) on a single charge. Since it was released in 1997, 1,500 were sold in the United States. A second generation RAV4 EV, created in partnership with Tesla, has recently been launched in the United States market.

Three generations of FT-EV concept have been produced so far, making their respective world debuts at the Detroit Motor Show and the Tokyo Motor Shows of 2009 and 2011. The iQ EV is a production version of those concepts, incorporating the technological and design strengths of all three models.

It represents the installation of an all-electric powertrain within a Toyota iQ package, combining the ultimate in compact city car agility with zero emissions and the easy, silent driving of a fully electric vehicle for up to four passengers.

The iQ EV has been specifically designed as a city commuting vehicle for use in an urban environment.

In the interests of weight saving, packaging and charging times, that range had to be realised with the lowest practical battery capacity. Power efficiency therefore became the key development goal, focusing on a combination of lightweight design and the lowest possible power consumption.

In an EV, the power consumption of the air conditioning system takes up a very high percentage of the total available battery power. To counteract this, the iQ EV features a low power consumption heat pump air conditioning system, allied to seat heater fitted as standard to directly warm occupants, and a new Heated Windscreen Defroster (HWD) system to clear the screen without the aid of the air conditioning system.

A lower battery capacity also translates into a shorter charging time. Not only can the iQ EV be fully recharged in approximately three hours, but also, via Fast Charging, its battery can be recharged up to 80% capacity in only 15 minutes, significantly enhancing the convenience and practicality of the new Toyota EV.

Powertrain and Driving Dynamics
The new Toyota iQ EV combines compact city car agility with zero emissions and the easy, silent driving style of a fully electric vehicle.

Its small, 4.1 metre turning circle gives it excellent manoeuvrability in the urban environment, and the position of the battery pack beneath the vehicle floor creates a low centre of gravity and ideal front/rear weight distribution for excellent ride comfort and agile, engaging handling.

A further development of Toyota’s Hybrid Synergy Drive® technology, the iQ EV’s fully electric powertrain comprises an air-cooled, 47 kW electric motor/generator, a 150 cell, a 12.0 kWh, 277.5 V battery pack, a 3 kW water-cooled battery charger, an inverter, an DC/DC converter and a motor speed reduction mechanism.

The motor/generator, planetary gear speed reduction mechanism and torque biasing differential are all housed in a new, ultra-compact, EV-exclusive transaxle, which combines a low centre of gravity with reduced energy losses to minimise power consumption.

Maximum torque of 163 Nm is delivered, from a standstill, to the front wheels, giving the iQ EV 0-100 km/h (0-62 mph) acceleration of 14.0 seconds and a maximum speed of 125 km/h (about 78 mph).

The new Toyota EV generates zero CO2, NOx or particulate emissions throughout its operation. With a power consumption of 134 Wh/km, this equips the vehicle with an NEDC-certified range of 85 km between charges.

Similar to Toyota’s full hybrid vehicles, the iQ EV is equipped with a regenerative braking system. When decelerating with the accelerator pedal released, the rotation of the wheels is transmitted to the motor, which acts as a generator, converting kinetic energy into electricity for storage within the battery.

When braking, the amount of energy that is recovered is determined through coordinated control with the electronically controlled brake system, optimising both braking force and energy recovery.

The iQ EV’s gate-type gear shift lever offers drivers three driving ranges: D-range controls the vehicle to consume the least amount of power during city driving; S-range increases acceleration performance for brisk driving; and B-range maximises regenerative braking to extend the vehicle’s driving range as far as possible.

In addition to the extensive system information provided by the EV System Indicator, an ECO Driving Indicator is also provided, helping drivers maximise the efficiency of the new Toyota EV’s all electric powertrain.

Battery Charging
Via an illuminated battery charger inlet conveniently located beneath a discreet, flush-mounted panel at the front of the new iQ EV, the battery pack can be fully recharged in approximately 3 hours from a standard, 230 V household outlet.

A dedicated rapid charger compliant port is available as an option, enabling the battery to be 80% recharged in just 15 minutes, greatly enhancing the new Toyota EV’s everyday practicality.

Two battery charger timer functions allow users to set either the start or the end time of battery charging. And a timer has been introduced to automatically match the charge completion time with duration of vehicle use, helping to reduce battery degradation.

The 5 metre charging cable has been designed to remain flexible even in cold weather. It incorporates a CCID (Charging Circuit Interrupter Device) to automatically block the supply of AC current in the case of electrical leakage during charging. And the plug-cord may be detached from the CCID allowing it to be changed for compatibility with outlet shapes in various countries.

Packaging
At 3,120 mm overall, the new iQ EV is just 135 mm longer than a standard iQ,sharing the latter’s overall width of 1,680 mm, height of 1,505 mm and 2,000 mm wheelbase. A minimum turning circle of just 4.1 metres offers excellent urban manoeuvrability.

Because the zero emission EV has no requirement for an exhaust system, the newly developed, flat, highly compact lithium-ion battery pack has been mounted within a high strength steel cradle beneath the cabin floor.

This packaging solution has three key benefits: it offers no compromise to either loadspace or passenger accommodation for four; it equips the iQ EV with a low centre of gravity and ideal weight distribution for stability and urban agility; and it allows for the creation of an entirely flat vehicle underbody, maximising aerodynamic performance and, hence, power efficiency.

Minimising the weight increase caused by the installation of the lithium-ion battery pack, high tensile sheet steel has been extensively used in the body shell construction, combining lightweight with high rigidity. As a result, the iQ EV weighs just 125 kg more than a standard iQ (1.3L, CVT)

Exterior Design
Based on the FT-EV III concept shown at the 2011 Tokyo Motor Show, the new iQ EV exterior is hallmarked by unique styling details and the strong use of two-tone, White Pearl and Black colour to create a simple, bold design which instantly identifies the new Toyota as a highly advanced, all-electric evolution of the company’s renowned city car.

To the front, a smooth, simple surface structure sees the removal of the upper grille and its replacement with a charging port lid to one side of the Toyota badge. The port lid itself has been positioned at the very front of the vehicle for maximum ease of charging cable connection within a wide range of urban parking scenarios.

Adhering to the design principles of all latest generation Toyota vehicles, the lower bumper adopts trapezoidal, Under Priority character lines and an enlarged lower grille with a gloss black finish. The grille incorporates Daytime Running Lights (DRLs) to reinforce the new Toyota EV’s unique visual signature.

A new headlamp design incorporates gloss black, side extension battery cooling air inlets, whilst the interior of the projector halogen headlamp housings has also been finished in black to further strengthen the EV’s visual differentiation from a standard iQ.

To the side, the black upper surfaces of the two-tone colour scheme and the blacked out B pillar emphasise the new iQ EV’s sleek profile, whilst new, aluminium wheels with two-tone wheel caps reinforce the vehicle’s unique, all-electric credentials.

The rear design features a black tailgate and a new, LED combination lamp design above a trapezoidal license plate mounting area within the bumper, both harmonising with the frontUnder Priority styling and reinforcing the iQ EV’s broad, stable stance.

Aerodynamics
The iQ EV features numerous aerodynamic enhancements in the interests of maximising power efficiency. Grille openings have been reduced to a minimum and the bonnet upper surface shaped to optimise airflow over the front of the vehicle. The A pillar moulding width has been increased, the roof rear edge angled, and the rear pillar, quarter window glass and moulding shaped to help air flow separation over the top and sides of the vehicle.

The front fender wheel opening has been aerodynamically shaped, front and rear wheel spats added in three locations and even the iQ EV-unique aluminium wheel cap design itself has been aerodynamically styled to optimise the flow of air down the sides of the vehicle, minimising turbulence. Comprehensive underbody covers allied to the underside of the battery pack create a flat underfloor surface, further enhancing the aerodynamic efficiency of the new Toyota.

Interior Design Features
As with the exterior design, the iQ EV’s interior is finished in a bold, high contrast, black and white colour scheme. The meter hood, centre console, rear console upper surface, steering wheel horn pad, passenger side dashboard ornamentation and door trim grip and shoulder panels are all finished in white to reflect the vehicle’s uniquely clean, all-electric credentials.

EV-unique, partial leather seat upholstery also features contrasting black and white finishes; the seat and headrest sides in white, central areas in a dark, plug-in-theme patterned fabric with bluish-grey and white stitching.

Exclusive, premium-feel detailing includes light coloured accents to the rear console and door trim grip cover surrounds, the door handle itself, and the instrument binnacle hood.

The iQ EV features an exclusive driver’s instrument binnacle with Optitron metres styled to resemble electrical componentry such as a generator turbine and printed circuitry. It incorporates a central speedometer with EV System Indicator-linked changing colour illumination, a 3.5” TFT (Thin Film Transistor) multi-information display, a compact, high contrast LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and a plug-in indicator.

The 3.5” TFT screen displays a comprehensive variety of vehicle information. Its easy-to-read default setting shows only the basic information the driver needs; driving range, state of charge and, through the EV System Indicator, output/regeneration status.

In addition, the display may be switched through seven further screens; average/instant power consumption, post charge power consumption, electrical equipment usage information, driving range, total average vehicle speed/total driving time, EV battery information and settings.

Located at the base of the centre console and finished in blue to match the ornamentation of the EV system start/stop button and shift knob, a further cluster of four, EV-related switches control the front and rear screen defrost functions, the charging timer start function and the charging port lid opener.

Standard Equipment
Helping to maximise power efficiency, the iQ EV features a low power consumption, electric heat pump air conditioning system. The system has been designed to prioritise EV driving range.

It is allied to front seat heaters -fitted as standard- to directly warm occupants, a windscreen-mounted humidity sensor to help the system control the internal/external air mixture to minimise screen fogging, and a new Heated Windscreen Defroster (HWD) system to clear the screen without the aid of the air conditioning system. Pressing a MAX mode switch activates maximum heating or cooling performance when required.

The new Toyota EV is also equipped with a Remote Climate Control System. This allows the air conditioning to be remotely activated with the key when the vehicle is plugged in and charging. By reducing on board temperature extremes through remote activation of the system when the iQ EV is plugged in, air conditioning power consumption whilst driving is significantly reduced, extending driving range.

In addition, the iQ EV benefits from a particularly generous standard equipment package, which includes a Smart Entry & Start System, a 6-speaker audio system and Hill Start Assist.

Despite being the world’s smallest four-seater EV, the new iQ EV is a equipped with a comprehensive range of advanced safety features, including VSC and nine airbags; two front, two side, one driver’s knee, one passenger front seat cushion, two curtain shield and one rear window curtain shield airbags.

2013 Toyota RAV4 EV - full review

Fri, 03 Aug 2012 01:25:00 -0500

The 2013 Toyota RAV4 EV, an all-new electric SUV developed with assistance with Tesla Motors, is arriving in select California dealerships later this summer.

The Toyota RAV4 EV is expected to achieve an EPA-estimated driving range rating of approximately 100 miles. It charges in approximately six hours on a 240V/40A charger.

“The RAV4 EV’s driving performance, dynamics and cargo capacity are equal to or exceed the gas powered RAV4 V6,” said Bill Fay, Toyota division group vice president and general manager. “Arriving fully-equipped with an MSRP of $49,800, with available combined federal and state incentives of up to $10,000, the RAV4 EV is a practical, versatile option for the EV enthusiast.”

The RAV4 EV is the product of a unique collaboration with Tesla Motors spurred by Akio Toyoda, president and CEO of Toyota Motor Corporation. Twenty-two months after the project announcement, Toyota and Tesla engineers revealed the vehicle at Electric Vehicle Symposium 26 in May 2012.

The 2013 RAV4 EV will go on sale in late summer 2012 through select California dealers, focusing on major metropolitan markets. Service for the RAV4 EV will only be available at these authorized RAV4 EV dealers. Sales volume is planned for approximately 2,600 units through 2014. The battery is warrantied for eight years or 100,000 miles.

The RAV4 EV is expected to qualify for a $2,500 rebate through the Clean Vehicle Rebate Program in California and also is eligible for a $7,500 Federal Tax Credit. The vehicle will qualify for the California High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane white sticker program.

Power and Performance
The Toyota RAV4 EV offers an exceptionally smooth, quiet ride and comfortable handling due in part to its low coefficient of drag and low center of gravity. In fact, at 0.30 Cd, RAV4 EV achieves the lowest coefficient of drag of any SUV in the world. Compared with the gas powered RAV4, at 0.35 Cd, Toyota re-styled the front bumper, upper and lower grill, side mirrors, rear spoiler, and under body design to optimize air flow around the vehicle. The RAV4 EV’s battery pack is mounted low and to the center of the vehicle, contributing to a more sedan-like ride.

The front wheel drive RAV4 EV allows drivers to select from two distinctly different drive modes, Sport and Normal. In Sport mode, the vehicle reaches 0-60 mph in just 7.0 seconds and has a maximum track speed of 100 mph. Normal mode achieves 0-60 mph in 8.6 seconds with a maximum track speed of 85 mph. Maximum output from the electric powertrain is 154 HP (115kW).

The RAV4 EV has two charge modes – Standard and Extended. In standard mode, the high voltage battery charges up to 35 kWh and the vehicle is expected to achieve an EPA-estimated driving range rating of 92 miles. Extended Mode allows the battery to charge to its full capacity of 41.8 kWh, providing an anticipated EPA-estimated driving range of 113 miles. Standard mode is designed to optimize battery life over range.

Charging Equipment
Toyota’s approved electric vehicle supplier equipment provider is Leviton. Leviton offers multiple options for charging solutions. For the shortest charge time of approximately six hours, Leviton offers a custom 240V (Level 2), 40A, 9.6 kW output charging station. For more information visit Leviton.com/Toyota. The vehicle comes equipped with a 120V (Level 1) 12A charging cable for instances when the recommended 240V (Level 2) charging is not available.

EV Range Optimization
Toyota engineers devised a number of strategies to help optimize the available EV range on the Toyota RAV4 EV. The climate control system has three modes which allow the driver to select their preferred level of comfort and EV driving range. In NORMAL mode, the climate control system operates in the same manner as a conventional vehicle and provides the maximum comfort level, but also draws the most power, which in turn reduces the EV range. ECO LO mode is recommended to achieve a balance of cabin comfort and improved range through reduced power consumption of the blower, compressor and/or electric heater. In cold weather, ECO LO also automatically activates and controls the seat heaters to optimal levels based on the cabin thermal conditions. ECO HI further reduces blower, compressor and heater levels and also automatically activates the seat heaters if necessary. The use of ECO LO can reduce the climate control system power consumption up to 18 percent compared with NORMAL while ECO HI offers up to 40 percent power reduction compared to NORMAL. Thus use of either ECO LO or ECO HI mode extends the vehicle’s EV driving range.

Remote Climate Control allows drivers to pre-cool or pre-heat the vehicle prior to driving while the vehicle is plugged-in, which conserves battery charge and EV range. The Remote Climate Control system can be set by a timer on the navigation display. It can also be activated using a smart phone.

The unique Toyota/Tesla designed cooperative regenerative braking system works to minimize the vehicle’s kinetic energy loss during stopping. The system recovers the energy and converts it to electrical energy, which recharges the battery and extends driving range. The vehicle slows down while energy is captured. The addition of cooperative regenerative braking increases driving range by up to 20 percent.

Interior Features
Inside, a six-way adjustable driver-seat includes variable front seat heaters, which extend heater coverage to the occupant’s upper back. The seat heaters help reduce the need for the climate control system’s heat operation – saving power and increasing EV range. The split reclining rear seats with folding center arm rest fold flat for increased cargo space, with a total cargo capacity equivalent to the conventional RAV4 of 73 cu. ft. behind the front seats. No interior space is lost in the vehicle due to EV components.

The highlight of the interior is a Toyota first; the IntelliTouch™ capacitive touch screen, featured on both the 8-inch navigation screen and climate control panel. The 8-inch, high-resolution, responsive touch- screen features a state of the art graphic display, with split screen capability for navigation, Entune® and EV applications, and EV drive information and settings designed specifically for the RAV4 EV. The touch screen also allows map panning and list scrolling via flick operation similar to an iPhone®. The climate control panel features IntelliTouch™ capacitive touch sensor controls and a 5.7-inch display screen. Entune™ is standard (with three year complimentary access to Entune™ services) along with SiriusXM Satellite Radio (with 3-month trial subscription to XM Select package), AM/FM radio, Bluetooth® streaming audio, and USB port with iPod® connectivity.

An all-new meter cluster includes the power meter, driving range, battery gauge, speedometer, shift indicator and multi-information display. The dash display color illuminates red when the vehicle is operating in sport mode and blue in normal driving mode. The multi-information display scrolls through six different screens that provide driver-performance feedback including driving range, trip efficiency, efficiency, ECO coach, CO2 reduction and AUX power.

- Driving range displays an estimated range according to the amount of charge remaining in the traction battery along with the current air condition setting. The range will adjust based on the setting of the air conditioning.

- Trip efficiency displays the average power consumption in intervals of five minutes during a trip. Efficiency displays average power consumption since the function was reset as well as current power consumption.

- Eco coach evaluates the level of eco-sensitive driving according to acceleration, speed and braking and displays an overall score.

- CO2 reduction displays the amount of CO2 reduced compared to a conventional gasoline vehicle. The reduction is displayed as a growing tree.

- AUX power displays average 12-volt battery power consumption since the function was reset and the current trip’s 12-volt battery power consumption.

The Premium Intellitouch™ Navigation screen features EV system screens that help customers understand and maximize their driving range. The EV Charging schedule lets customers schedule when the vehicle will charge and activates pre-climate conditioning based on departure time. Charging can be scheduled one charge at a time or on a weekly basis. A Range Map specifically designed by Toyota for the RAV4 EV, allows customers to see how far they can travel for roundtrip or one-way trip based on their available electric range. A Charging Station Map EV app allows customers to locate nearby charging stations.

Safety
The RAV4 EV incorporates all of the safety features of the conventional model: for the front occupants there are advanced airbags seat-mounted side airbags, and active headrests. First and second row roll-sensing side curtain airbags are also standard.

Like all Toyotas, the RAV4 EV comes standard with the STAR Safety System. On this vehicle this includes Enhanced Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Traction Control (TRAC), Anti-lock Brake System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist (BA) and Smart Stop Technology (SST). RAV4 EV also comes with a complimentary three-year trial subscription to Toyota Safety Connect©, which includes Emergency Assistance, Stolen Vehicle Locator, Roadside Assistance, and Automatic Collision Notification.

There are several safety features that are unique to the RAV4 EV. The battery modules are encased in a structural pack surrounded by a four-sided extruded aluminum enclosure. Large aluminum rocker extrusions act as a structural attachment between the enclosure and the body as well as provide further impact protection. In addition, the chassis is specially designed to help protect the battery and inverter assemblies in the event of a collision. A rigid inverter protection brace bridges the gap between the body front cross member and the front suspension member to mitigate inverter damage by keeping the two members at a set distance from each other during a frontal crash. Special steel ramps built into the front of the undercarriage serve to deflect intrusion into the battery enclosure. In a rear impact, the battery’s rear mounting brackets can separate the battery from the body further protecting the battery enclosure from intrusion.

In addition to robust accident protections, the RAV4 EV is designed with multiple systems to help protect and maintain a proper state of charge on the battery. For example, the onboard charger is equipped with a hardware voltage limiter to prevent overcharging the battery. To prevent over discharge, the air conditioning system and driving power will be limited at defined low States of Charge, prompting the driver with a warning in the meter display to plug the vehicle into a power source. Finally, the battery system is designed to handle a lengthy period of non-operation. At a 50% state of charge the RAV4 EV can sit without charging for approximately one year with no permanent loss of function. If the battery pack does become depleted, its 12-volt battery will allow the vehicle to turn on and shift into neutral. If the 12 volt battery is also depleted it can be jumped.

BMW C Evolution E-scooter

Sat, 28 Jul 2012 03:13:00 -0500

BMW Motorrad has released official information about their upcoming electric scooter, nammed the BMW C Evolution e-Scooter.

Based on last year's E-Scooter concept, the BMW C evolution electric two-wheeler was unveiled just ahead of BMW's internal combustion C 600 Sport and C 650 GT maxi scooters, which will hit U.S. showrooms this fall.

With 11 kW continuous output and 35 kW peak output, the BMW C evolution e-Scooter has a powerful motor and provides a high level of riding fun. The top speed is electronically limited to 120 km/h (75.4 mph).

In terms of acceleration from 0 to 60 km/h, it comfortably holds its own against current maxi scooters a capacity of 600 cc or more.

Compared to conventional combustion engines, the electric drive of the BMW C evolution also offers significant advantages at low speeds in particular. Thanks to elaborate power electronics settings, the alternator offers the rider an instant, spontaneous response. There are no delays in torque build-up at all as are typical in combustion engines due to the clutch engaging and disengaging.

At 8 kWh, the storage capacity of the battery is extremely generous and ensures a range of up to 100 kilometers (62 miles). As in other areas, BMW Motorrad has been able to draw on synergy effects with BMW automobiles here. For example, the C evolution uses the same lithium-ion storage modules as are installed in the BMW i3. Here, developers paid particular attention to the quality and service life of the storage modules so as to ensure that the range is preserved even after many years of service life and in very cold weather.

One of the main technological challenges was optimum cooling of the high-voltage battery. While in electrically powered cars a cooling agent is normally used to cool the battery, air cooling is used in the "C evolution" in order to save space and weight. The heat of the high-voltage battery is dissipated by means of an aerodynamically optimized cooling air shaft at the centre of the battery casing through which there is a constant flow of air. To ensure optimum heat dissipation, the battery base has longitudinally arranged cooling ribs.

However, the battery casing in die-cast aluminium not only holds the cells with their special architecture but also the entire electronics unit for monitoring the cells. It also acts as a load-bearing chassis element.

The power electronics for the electric drive is installed behind the battery casing. This not only takes care of controlling the alternator within a range of 100 to 150 volts but also responds to rider commands, for example by detecting the position of the throttle grip. The system also processes information from the brake system and decides whether energy should be recuperated and how much recuperation torque is to be applied to the rear wheel if required.

The "C evolution" is powered via a drivetrain swing arm. The alternator is positioned behind the battery casing and integrated in the swing arm. Due to the proximity of the alternator output shaft and the swing arm axle, the moment of inertia around the swing arm centre of rotation is minimised. This also provides optimum suspension/damper settings and a sensitive response.

The secondary drive is via a tooth belt from the alternator to the rear belt pulley on the output shaft. From here, power is transferred to the rear wheel via a planetary gear. The total gear reduction is 1:8.4, while the maximum rotational speed of the alternator is 10,000 rpm. The alternator and power electronics are liquid-cooled.

BMW hasn't released recharge times yet (other than to say they're "quick"), but they do indicate that regenerative braking adds 10 to 20 percent of range.

The instrument panel of the "C evolution" has a large, easily legible TFT display which is conceptually based on that of the BMW i3. It has the obligatory speed display as well as offering a wealth of other information. This includes display of the battery charge state (SOC = State of Charge) and the energy balance. The latter is displayed by means of a progress bar, indicating to the rider whether energy is currently being converted into forward propulsion or being recuperated. This information helps the rider in his efforts to ride as efficiently as possible.

In addition to the familiar indicators, the instrument cluster of the "C evolution" naturally features all the status displays required by law in electrically powered vehicles. This includes warning lamps to indicate a potential insulation error or power limitation in the event of overload.

The front lighting unit encompasses headlamps with high and low beam. The "C evolution" also features a centrally located daytime running light. At the back there is a rear light in LED technology.

The "C evolution" draws on the innovative styling of the BMW Motorrad family, offering a thrilling, inspiring design which arouses an emotional response to the new drive technology. As in other BMW motorcycles, the so-called split face runs across the upper trim section, giving the scooter a distinctive and dynamic front view.

BMW Motorrad design style is also reflected in the styling of the twin-tipped spoiler in the front trim and in a boomerang-shaped, aerodynamically formed floating panel in the side trim. The short, sporty rear will have a helmet compartment in the serial production model and emphasises the proactive character of the "C evolution".

The combined effect of the color "Light white" and the highlight colour "Electric green" reflects the vehicle's specific properties, such as maximum environmental compatibility, supreme dynamic performance and simple handling. What is more, the illuminating "e" inscription on the two battery side trim elements and motor unit bear out the technical character of an electrically powered scooter.

The highlights at a glance:
• Innovative electric drive via drivetrain swing arm with liquid-cooled alternator, tooth belt and planetary gear.
• 11 kW continuous output (homologation according to ECE R85) and 35 kW peak output.
• 120 km/h max. speed.
• High range of up to 100 kilometers due to large battery capacity.
• High-voltage battery with high capacity (8 kWh) and innovative air cooling.
• Intelligent recuperation in coasting mode and when braking.
• Short charging times.
• Synergy effects with BMW automobiles and electrical safety
to car standards.
• Hybrid chassis with agile handling due to low centre of gravity.
• Powerful braking system with ABS.
• Lightweight Metzeler Feelgreen tyres.
• Multifunctional TFT instrument cluster and LED daytime running light.
• Innovative color concept and design.